Heat Stroke: This Is Not Just “Feeling Hot”

Heat stroke can become life-threatening very quickly. It is especially dangerous for children, elderly people, outdoor workers, athletes, pregnant women, and people with diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, or those taking certain medicines.

The most important thing to know is this: heat stroke needs fast cooling and urgent medical care.

Less-known facts about heat stroke

1. You may not sweat in severe heat stroke.

Many people think sweating must be present. In severe cases, the skin can be hot and dry — but sweating may also occur.

2. Confusion is a danger sign.

If someone in the heat becomes confused, aggressive, sleepy, or disoriented, treat it as serious.

3. Fans are not enough in extreme heat.

When temperature and humidity are very high, fans may not cool the body effectively.

4. Some medicines increase heat risk.

Diuretics, some blood pressure medicines, antihistamines, antidepressants, and certain psychiatric medicines can affect body cooling.

5. Children overheat faster than adults.

Never leave a child in a parked car, even for a few minutes.

5 practical tips

1. Hydrate before you feel thirsty: Thirst is a late signal, especially in older adults.

2. Avoid outdoor activity during peak heat: Early morning or evening is safer.

3. Use oral rehydration when sweating heavily: Water plus salts may be needed during heavy sweating.

4. Wear loose, light clothing: Tight and dark clothing traps heat.

5. Cool early: Use shade, wet towels, cool showers, fans, and air conditioning before symptoms become severe.

What to do if heat stroke is suspected

Move the person to a cool place immediately. Call emergency services. Remove extra clothing. Start cooling with wet towels, cool water, fans, ice packs on the neck, armpits, and groin. Do not force fluids if the person is confused, drowsy, vomiting, or unconscious.